Post-construction

Post-construction cleaning in New Jersey, written around the date the space stops being a jobsite.

Rough, final and touch-up cleaning for tenant fit-outs, new construction and renovations in Bergen County and the corridors around it. A space under construction is not premises until a certificate says so, and almost everything that separates this work from cleaning follows from that line — which OSHA Part attaches, who owns the debris, what may be washed and when, and which acceptance tests closed months before anyone arrived to clean.

Request a walkthrough or call (201) 600-5056

Written for whoever specifies, sequences or buys the clean on a job that has not been certified yet — a general contractor closing out a tenant fit-out, or a homeowner whose kitchen is finished and whose house is still full of drywall dust. Those two readers are standing on the same line from opposite sides, and New Jersey marks that line with a document each of them can hold.

One thing up front rather than buried. Nothing here rests on work this company has done, because there is none yet. The owner running it has worked in this trade for more than fifteen years, post-construction among the kinds of work he has personally done; the company has not, and this page does not blur the two. It is a claim about documents — a regulation, a contract form, a state code chapter, an interpretation letter — and every one of them is listed at the end so it can be checked rather than trusted, which is the only kind of authority a page like this can honestly carry.

The words

Nothing defines the three names, including the contracts.

No contract form defines the three names

Search the American Institute of Architects' A201 general conditions, the document that governs most commercial construction in this country, and the words “punch,” “rough clean,” “final clean,” “touch-up” and “broom” each return zero. The ConsensusDocs 200 owner-constructor agreement returns zero for all five as well. The trade's vocabulary for this work is not in the contract that governs the job it happens on. ConsensusDocs at least names the certificate of occupancy twice; A201 does not name it at all.

What the trade calls the punch list, the contract calls something else

A201 §9.8.2 describes “a comprehensive list of items to be completed or corrected prior to final payment,” prepared and submitted by the contractor. §9.8.1 defines substantial completion by the owner's ability to occupy or use the work. And §9.8.4 provides that the certificate of substantial completion fixes the time within which the contractor must finish everything on that list. So the punch list is real, it has a name, and it has a clock — none of which is the name the trade uses.

The three names are a convention, and not a settled one

Phase content does exist in this market: one Bergen County company publishes 1,921 words covering all three passes at method level. But the two New Jersey pages found publishing a three-phase process do not agree with each other — one runs rough, then light, then final; the other rough, final, touch-up. There is no authority to appeal to. The defensible ground is not the naming, it is what each pass is anchored against, which is what the rest of this page is about.

Where anyone has written it down, they wrote it differently

New York State's Office of General Services publishes a master specification that sequences three inspections — detailed, final, and joint inspection for physical completion — and attaches cleaning to a named point rather than to a phase name: “Perform final cleaning prior to joint inspection for physical completion. Leave the premises in a neat, unobstructed condition, the work areas broom clean (except where more thorough cleaning is specified).” That is one state agency's master spec, dated 2008. Its default at closeout is broom clean unless the specification says more — which is the reason the level of clean has to be written into a scope in either direction.

Two closeouts

Two closeouts, one rule.

A tenant fit-out closes space by space

N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23A(a)2 requires a separate permit where the tenant undertakes the fit-up work, where different contractors from the base building do it, or where the permit is applied for after the base building already holds a certificate.
(b)1 issues a temporary certificate per tenant space — but only where the common area serving that space already holds one. A fit-out inside a building somebody else manages depends on that building’s own paperwork being in order first.
(b)1i allows certificates floor by floor or tenant space by tenant space.
So in New Jersey law a fit-out does not have one turnover date. It has one per space, and a cleaning schedule written against a single date is written against a fiction.
The code’s own word is “fit-up”; the trade says fit-out. They are the same thing.

A renovation closes on a different certificate

N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23(b) closes renovated or altered buildings on a certificate of approval, not a certificate of occupancy. Different document, different track.
And the provision almost nobody has read: any use or occupancy that was not discontinued during the work “shall be discontinued within 30 calendar days after the completion of the alteration, unless the certificate of approval is secured from the enforcing agency.”
In plain terms — if you stayed in the house through a renovation, that thirty-day clock is running on you rather than on your contractor, and securing the certificate is what stops it.

Both columns share three facts. First, a certificate of occupancy is not a cleanliness certificate: N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23 contains zero occurrences of the words clean, dust or debris, measured on the compilation stated as current through the New Jersey Register of 17 August 2026. What it does instead is fix the dates the cleaning must land between — (g) issues a temporary certificate when the permitted work is substantially completed, (g)1 requires it to list the work still to be completed and makes it valid for a reasonable period to finish that work, with no fixed number of days stated anywhere, and (k) bars any certificate until all required utilities are installed and in service. Second, (i)7 requires a test and balance report on the ventilation system, or equivalent certification through a nationally recognised organisation — which is New Jersey’s actual closeout ventilation question, and it is somebody else’s scope. Third, and this is why the two audiences share one page: both closeouts live in the same chapter of the same code, two paragraphs apart. The clean is scheduled against a certificate either way. Only the certificate’s name changes. A fit-out inside a managed building runs into that building’s own obligations, which are set out on our common area cleaning page.

Which Part

Which OSHA Part a cleaning crew works under, and why nobody has answered it.

This section does not reach a conclusion, because the agency has not. What follows is what OSHA has actually written, in the order it wrote it, and what a contractor should do while the question stays open. Anyone selling you certainty here is selling you something the record does not contain.

Coverage attaches to the work, not to the company

29 CFR 1926.32(g) and 1910.12(b) carry the identical definition of construction work — construction, alteration and/or repair, including painting and decorating — and 1910.12(a) applies Part 1926 “to every employment and place of employment of every employee engaged in construction work.” Both definitional paragraphs open “For purposes of this section,” which is worth noticing before anyone treats either as a general definition.

OSHA has said the employer's identity is irrelevant, twice, in writing

A standard interpretation of 1 February 1996 states: “In order for work to be construction work the employer need not be a construction company.” A second, of 18 November 2003, states: “it is not the personnel which will determine whether work will be considered maintenance or construction, but the work itself.” Neither carries an archive banner. The same 2003 letter contains the sentence that licenses this whole section: “Unlike construction work, there is no regulatory definition for ‘maintenance,’ nor a specified distinction between terms such as ‘maintenance,’ ‘repair,’ or ‘refurbishment.’”

OSHA has also said both Parts can apply at once

A letter of 19 February 1991, signed by then-Assistant Secretary Gerard F. Scannell, states: “The proper application of the standards at 29 CFR 1910 and 29 CFR 1926 depend upon the circumstances at the work site. In most instances, either or both sets of standards can be expected to be applicable to the operations of your company.” That is the highest-provenance document in this set, and it declines to give a clean answer.

The published tie-breaker inverts the folklore

An OSHA memorandum of 11 August 1994 on construction versus maintenance directs classification “so as to allow application of the more protective 1910 or 1926 standard, depending on the hazard,” citing the standards in the alternative. That page now carries OSHA's archive banner and points forward to the 2003 letter as its live successor, so it is quoted here as history rather than as current policy. The consequence is the most useful paragraph on this page: fall protection triggers at six feet under 1926.501(b)(1) and at four feet under 1910.28(b)(1)(i). An unsettled classification therefore means planning to four feet, not claiming the construction allowance. Note the asymmetry too — 1926.500(a)(1)'s inspection exception is unqualified, while 1910.28(a)(2)(ii) withdraws itself once compliant fall protection has been installed and is available.

One place OSHA did draw the line, and it drew it hazard by hazard

The construction asbestos standard keys its own scope to the same definition — 1926.1101(a) applies to “all work as defined in 29 CFR 1910.12(b)” — and then lists at (a)(6) “housekeeping activities involving asbestos … on the site or location at which construction activities are performed,” with (a)(7) making coverage turn on the nature of the work operation. 1926.1101(b) defines Class IV asbestos work as maintenance and custodial activities to clean up dust, waste and debris resulting from Class I, II and III work. The training minimum is in OSHA's own text at 1926.1101(k)(9)(vi): “Such course shall take at least 2 hours.” One staleness catch worth a click: 40 CFR 763.92 still cross-references “29 CFR 1926.58,” and 1926.58 today reads, in full, “§ 1926.58 COVID-19.”

What attaches if Part 1926 does apply, and it is not what the trade sells

1926.20(b)(1) and (2) require accident prevention programs and “frequent and regular inspections … by competent persons.” 1926.21(b)(2) requires training on hazard recognition. And 1926.21(b)(3) names caustics by word — which is what a cleaning cart is full of. 1926.20(f)(2) provides that each failure to train may be a separate violation. What does not attach is the thing most often quoted: no OSHA standard requires a 10-hour card. Many general contractors require one by subcontract, and that is a contract term rather than a regulation.

The honest state of the question, then. OSHA’s own Cleaning Industry standards page frames this trade as general industry, points readers at NAICS 561720, lists only Part 1910 sections, and contains zero occurrences of “1926.” That is evidence of a gap rather than a holding. And the argument that cuts the other way, which this page is obliged to make against itself: the Davis-Bacon definitions at 29 CFR 5.2 — restructured in 2023, so the old lettered subsections OSHA’s 1991 and 1994 letters still quote no longer exist — distinguish construction from servicing and maintenance work, which cuts against reading routine cleaning as construction. In New Jersey’s private sector it is federal OSHA that writes the citation either way. Three checks, none of them longer than two minutes:

Open 29 CFR 1926.1153 on the eCFR and search Table 1 for sweep, housekeep and debris. Zero each — the safe harbour is a menu of tool operations and cleanup is not on it.
Open OSHA's own Cleaning Industry standards page and search it for 1926. Zero. The agency frames this trade as general industry and points readers at NAICS 561720. That is evidence of a gap, not a holding.
Open A201's own sample preview and search it for punch. Zero, in the document that governs the job.

Three passes

What each pass is scheduled against.

01
Rough clean
After framing, drywall and mechanicals — before finishes
This pass exists because of what is still happening around it. ConsensusDocs 200 §3.19.1 requires the constructor to minimize and confine dust and debris resulting from construction activities and to clean an area before discontinuing work in it, with §3.19.2 giving the owner a self-help remedy after two business days' written notice. That is the sourced commercial reason to run cleaning during the build rather than only at the end — the obligation is continuous, not terminal. The edition read here is the 2011 form as revised 2014, from a public posting; ConsensusDocs sells the current edition and the copy read may be superseded.
02
Final clean
After trades are out, before the punch walk
The only primary source found that fixes this pass to a point is New York State's master specification, which places final cleaning “prior to joint inspection for physical completion” — after the detailed inspection at substantial completion and after the final inspection. A201 fixes no timing at all: §3.15.1 says only “At completion of the Work.” This is the pass that carries the visible work — surfaces, millwork and cabinet interiors, fixtures, frames and plates, window interiors and tracks, adhesive and label residue, grout haze and film, and floors cleaned to the finish manufacturer's own published method rather than to a habit.
03
Touch-up
After punch-list work is complete
Punch trades put dust back into a finished space. Scheduled the day before the owner walk, not a week ahead. The anchor is A201 §9.8.4, which fixes the time within which the contractor must finish the punch list — a touch-up pass is scheduled inside that window, and a cleaning contractor who asks for that date is asking the right question. On sequencing, the one rule anyone has written down comes from a 1994 New York State janitorial specification restricted by its own first line to one client's project type: begin at the top floor and proceed down, completing each floor before moving to the next. Used here for the sequence only.

Dust

Silica: same numbers, different machinery.

The scope question is the same question

1926.1153(a) applies “to all occupational exposures to respirable crystalline silica in construction work,” with an exception where exposure will remain below 25 micrograms per cubic metre as an eight-hour average. OSHA narrows that exception in its own construction FAQ: it applies only where the result is reached without using engineering or other controls. A vacuum cannot buy an employer out of the standard. That FAQ carries its own advisory disclaimer, and it is quoted as guidance rather than as rule text.

The numbers are identical; the machinery is not

The permissible exposure limit of 50 micrograms per cubic metre and the action level of 25 are the same in the construction standard and the general industry one. What differs is structural, and there are four differences. Table 1 exists only in construction. The competent person requirement at 1926.1153(g)(4) has no counterpart — the phrase appears zero times in 1910.1053. Regulated areas exist only in general industry at 1910.1053(e)(1); the phrase appears zero times in the construction standard, which handles access through the written exposure control plan instead. And the medical surveillance trigger differs: 1926.1153(h)(1)(i) turns on required respirator use for thirty or more days a year, while 1910.1053(i)(1)(i) turns on exposure at or above the action level for thirty or more days. In construction it is the decision to put a worker in a respirator that starts the medical clock.

A cleanup crew sits outside the safe harbour, and the table proves it

Table 1 has eighteen entries, and every one is a dust-generating tool operation. Search its region for sweep, housekeep and debris and all three return zero; vacuum returns three, each a sub-control attached to another trade's tool, which OSHA confirms by paragraph number in a letter of 25 July 2019. “Cleaning holes” in that table means cleaning a drilled hole. Paragraph (c)(1) requires an employer to “fully and properly implement” an entry to rely on it, and partial implementation collapses the protection back into paragraph (d). The nearest OSHA has come to the question begins with the word “No” — in an FAQ about a worker who cleans a dust collector's filter rather than operating the tool. The reasoning transfers to a cleanup crew by analogy, not by holding, and it is offered here as exactly that.

Housekeeping: the same sentence under a different letter

1926.1153(f) and 1910.1053(h) are word for word identical in operative text; only the paragraph letter differs. What is genuinely specific here is narrower and more useful. OSHA has blessed oil- and wax-based dust-suppression sweeping compounds, including compounds that themselves contain crystalline silica. A non-HEPA vacuum is the one common method the agency says does not qualify as an alternative — its 2020 enforcement directive to compliance officers notes that use of such vacuums “would necessitate employee exposure assessment.” And “not feasible” does not mean impossible: OSHA's FAQ expressly includes methods that would negatively impact the quality of the work being done, which is directly on point where a wet method on unsealed stone or a new floor finish would damage the work someone just paid for.

The boundary

Where post-construction cleaning stops.

Post-construction cleaning work

The three passes, separately scoped and separately scheduled rather than sold as one visit
Surfaces, millwork and cabinet interiors, fixtures, frames and plates, window interiors and tracks
Adhesive, label and sticker residue, and grout haze and film addressed by cause rather than by default chemistry
Floors cleaned to the finish manufacturer's published method, taken from the submittal package rather than assumed
A written, dated, located observation of anything found that is not a cleaning defect, handed to the named site contact

Never the cleaning contractor

Construction debris removal, haul-off and dumpster service
Any acceptance test — floor flatness numbers, duct verification, or the test and balance report
Duct interior cleaning or verification
Anything under the construction asbestos standard beyond Class IV cleanup, and any judgement about whether material is asbestos-containing
Anything on a pre-1978 dwelling that is lead work — referred, never performed
Anything requiring a lift, or any work above the height at which the fall-protection question becomes live
Any statement that a space is ready for a certificate

Three of those exclusions are worth explaining rather than asserting. Floor flatness numbers: the concrete institute’s own published guidance is that the test should be run within seventy-two hours of finishing the slab, because curing can cause the slab to curl away from the flatness the finishers achieved — a window that closes months before any cleaning contractor mobilises. The only cleaning that test involves is sweeping the measurement path. The slab’s treatment class is what sets the final-clean method, and that is set out on our warehouse and distribution page. Duct verification: the air-duct trade’s own standard recommends — recommends, not requires — that new system components be inspected and verified as clean before the system is permitted to operate, and it makes verification a specialist scope with a measured surface threshold, a calibrated pump, an accredited laboratory and a chain of custody. The 2021 edition was read; a 2025 edition exists and was not checked against it. And filter media specifications quoted in this trade are typically New York State specification and green-building credit language rather than any code requirement, and never New Jersey’s — New Jersey’s closeout ventilation question is the test and balance report above. Lead is the fourth: a pre-1978 dwelling under renovation raises a question this contractor refers rather than performs, and it is set out on our deep cleaning page.

The scope

Five things a scope has to name before anyone prices it.

01
Establish which certificate closes the job, and when it is expected
A temporary certificate of occupancy per tenant space, or a certificate of approval on a renovation. That date sets the touch-up pass, rather than the other way round — and on a fit-out there is not one turnover date but one per space.
02
Establish whether the site is still active, and put it in writing
Utilities in service is not a courtesy: N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23(k) bars any temporary or final certificate until all required utilities, including water, sewer, electric and gas, are installed and in service. Cleaning around active trades is a phase-sequencing decision that belongs in the schedule rather than being discovered on arrival.
03
Get the finish submittals before the method is chosen
The wait before a new paint film may be washed, and the cure window before a new floor finish takes its first clean, are set by the coating's own data sheet in the general contractor's submittal package — not by a rule of thumb, and no number is published here for that reason. The same paragraph settles the substrates: glass and whether it is coated, laminated glass, and tile with grout that may or may not be polymer-modified.
04
Name the equipment the scope requires, and who procures it
A vacuum without HEPA filtration does not satisfy 1926.1153(f)(1), and Class IV asbestos cleanup under 1926.1101(g)(10) must be done with wet methods and HEPA vacuums. What a scope specifies is not the same question as what a vendor owns. Equipment for a given scope is specified in the proposal and procured against the signed contract, after insurance is bound. Nothing here is a statement about a machine this company owns — the standards quoted set what a method has to achieve, and OSHA's own position is that a vacuum without HEPA filtration is not one of the methods that qualifies.
05
Name the exclusions before the first day, not during the first week
The right-hand column above becomes a contract clause. Include the certificate sentence explicitly: no cleaning contractor certifies that a space is ready for anything, and a scope that leaves that ambiguous invites the argument at the worst possible moment.

Questions

What general contractors and homeowners ask.

What does post-construction cleaning include?

Three passes against three different anchors, not one visit sold three times. A rough clean while trades are still working, driven by the constructor's continuing duty to confine dust and debris rather than by an end date. A final clean, which is where the visible work sits — surfaces, cabinet interiors, fixtures, frames, window tracks, adhesive and label residue, grout haze, and floors cleaned to the finish manufacturer's method. And a touch-up scheduled inside the window the certificate of substantial completion fixes for finishing the punch list. What is excluded matters as much: debris haul-off, duct work, acceptance testing and anything requiring a lift are named out in the scope.

Is a final clean required for the certificate of occupancy?

No. New Jersey's rule on certificates, N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23, contains zero occurrences of the words clean, dust or debris — checked against the compilation stated on its face as current through the New Jersey Register of 17 August 2026. What the rule does instead is fix the dates the cleaning has to land between: a temporary certificate issues when the permitted work is substantially complete, must list the work still to be completed, and is valid for a reasonable period to finish it. No fixed number of days appears in the rule, so be wary of any vendor who quotes one.

We just finished a renovation — do we need a certificate of occupancy?

Generally no. Renovated or altered buildings close on a certificate of approval rather than a certificate of occupancy, under N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23(b). The provision most homeowners have never seen is the next one: any use or occupancy that was not discontinued during the work “shall be discontinued within 30 calendar days after the completion of the alteration, unless the certificate of approval is secured from the enforcing agency.” If you lived in the house through the work, that clock is running on you rather than on your contractor.

Do you take the construction debris?

No. Debris removal and dumpster service stay with the GC. The regulation people reach for here — 1926.25, which requires scrap and debris cleared during construction and containers provided for rubbish — is a duty an employer owes its own employees under 1926.20(e), and it creates no obligation running to the general contractor or the owner. What the cleaner removes is set by the written scope and the haul-off arrangement. A201 §3.15.1 puts the cleaning obligation on the contractor and §3.15.2 gives the owner a self-help remedy, with §6.3 letting the architect allocate the cost where the parties dispute it. If a site is not actually ready, that is a scheduling conversation, not a change order.

Does a cleaning crew need an OSHA 10 card?

No standard requires it. If Part 1926 applies, what it actually requires is 1926.21(b)(2) training on hazard recognition, 1926.21(b)(3) on caustics among other hazards, and 1926.20(b)(2) inspections by competent persons — with 1926.20(f)(2) providing that each failure to train may be a separate violation. Many general contractors require the 10-hour card by subcontract, which is a contract term and a perfectly reasonable one. It is worth knowing the difference when a vendor presents the card as compliance.

Can you name us and the owner as additional insured?

What a subcontract asks a cleaning vendor for at handover is additional-insured status for the general contractor and the owner, arranged before the first shift rather than chased afterwards — and the endorsement pages themselves rather than a box ticked on a certificate. What a certificate does and does not prove is set out on our credentials page, which also publishes what is in force today and what is not.

Have you done a fit-out clean before?

Not as this company. Robo Facility Services was formed in New Jersey in August 2026 and is taking on its first accounts, and a general contractor is entitled to know that before a turnover date rather than after one. The owner has worked in this trade for more than fifteen years, and started this company because he wanted to work for himself rather than for someone else. Post-construction work is among the kinds he has personally done, alongside offices, medical and dental suites, warehouses, homes and government buildings. Two limits on that, stated rather than left to be inferred: he has not said a tenant fit-out was among the post-construction work, so this answer says post-construction and stops there; and that work was done for other people, which makes it experience rather than a reference this company can offer you. General liability, workers' compensation and the bond are bound before the first shift, and the certificate naming you is issued before anyone is on site. What is offered instead is the reading above, and a scope that names the phases, the anchors and the exclusions rather than adjectives.

Where this company fits

Who you would actually be hiring, and how to check it.

Robo Facility Services LLC was formed in New Jersey in August 2026 and is taking on its first accounts. It is run from Bergen County by an owner who lives here, and its New Jersey entity number, 0451519106, can be looked up free by anyone who wants to confirm that before a call rather than after one. General liability, workers' compensation and the bond are bound before the first shift, and the certificate naming you is issued before anyone is on site. Work is taken seven days a week at any hour, as availability rather than as a standing shift, on a 201 number answered locally in Bergen County. W-2 employees, never subcontracted.

A medical or dental fit-out becomes a regulated suite the day it is occupied, and what changes then is on our medical and dental office cleaning page. Fit-outs in warehouse shells happen in the Meadowlands corridor. How a commercial number is built is on what it costs, since no price appears here. Our registration and coverage status, and the free state lookups that check them, are on the credentials page. And the outcome that most often follows a fit-out or a renovation is recurring service — commercial across Bergen County or house cleaning at home.

Sources

Every rule quoted, and where it was read.

29 CFR Part 1926 — §§ 1926.20, 1926.21, 1926.25, 1926.32(g), 1926.500(a)(1), 1926.501(b)(1), 1926.1101 and 1926.1153 including Table 1, read from the eCFR. And 29 CFR Part 1910 — §§ 1910.12, 1910.28 and 1910.1053, for the comparisons drawn above.
OSHA interpretations and directives — the letters of 1 February 1996 and 18 November 2003 on what makes work construction work, neither of which carries an archive notice; the letter of 19 February 1991 signed by the Assistant Secretary, on both Parts applying at once; the memorandum of 11 August 1994 on construction versus maintenance, which does carry OSHA’s archive notice and points forward to the 2003 letter; the letter of 25 July 2019 on Table 1 and vacuums; the 2020 enforcement directive on the construction silica standard, which is guidance to compliance officers rather than a standard; and OSHA’s construction silica FAQ, which carries its own advisory disclaimer.
New Jersey Uniform Construction Code — N.J.A.C. 5:23-2.23 and 5:23-2.23A, read from the Department of Community Affairs compilation stated on its face as current through the New Jersey Register of 17 August 2026.
Contract forms — AIA A201-2017 General Conditions, §§ 3.15, 6.3, 9.8.1, 9.8.2 and 9.8.4, counted and quoted from AIA’s own sample preview; and ConsensusDocs 200, § 3.19, in the 2011 form as revised 2014 from a public posting. ConsensusDocs sells the current edition and the copy read may be superseded. Both are copyright documents and only short fragments are quoted.
Specifications — New York State Office of General Services master specification sections on final cleaning (2008) and janitorial floor maintenance (1994), cited as one state agency’s master specification with its date, and the second restricted by its own first line to one client’s project type. The air-duct cleaning standard’s 2021 edition, a trade association standard rather than a code; a 2025 edition exists and was not read.
Other — the American Concrete Institute’s published guidance on the seventy-two-hour window for floor flatness testing; 29 CFR 5.2, as restructured in 2023; 40 CFR 763.92, for the stale cross-reference noted above; and OSHA’s Cleaning Industry standards page, searched for “1926.”

Read on 6 September 2026. Every regulation above was read from the government’s own text and every citation is given to the paragraph so it can be checked rather than trusted. Where a document is archived, superseded, sold rather than published, or contradicted by another live rule, that is printed here rather than smoothed over — and where the record does not answer a question, this page says so instead of answering it anyway.

Send us the drawings and the turnover date.

We will tell you which passes the job actually needs, what each one is scheduled against, and what is excluded — in writing, before anyone prices it. No charge.